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Acetic acid in its purest form is known as glacial acetic acid. The chemical formula for acetic acid, commonly referred to as ethanoic acid, is CH3COOH. It is a weak monoprotic acid that rapidly loses a proton from its acid functional group (-COOH), resulting in the formation of a conjugate base called the acetate anion. Acetic acid is easily dissolved and miscible with other polar solvents, such water, making it a polar protic solvent as well. In non-polar solvents like octane, however, it is insoluble and immiscible due to its polar character. It easily converts other organic reagents, such acetyl chloride and ethanol, using acetic acid as a starting reagent in substitution and reduction processes, respectively.